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CHIRANO GOLD MINE



January 2008

Gold Production

The Company had record gold production in 2007, producing 127,196 oz at Chirano and 20,812 oz at Tasiast, for total gold production of 148,008 oz. Production levels at both Tasiast and Chirano will increase in 2008 and beyond with expansions at both projects and with the development of the Akwaaba Deeps underground operation at Chirano. It is estimated that the Company will produce approximately 245,000 oz in 2008 (135,000 oz at Chirano and 110,000 oz at Tasiast). For 2009, total production is estimated at 350,000 oz upon completion of the plant expansion projects. By 2010, Red Back is aiming to produce in excess of 400,000 oz per annum from Chirano and Tasiast.

Chirano Plant Expansion

The Chirano plant expansion is progressing well with some significant milestones having been achieved during the holiday period.

Lycopodium Pty Ltd, the EPCM contractor for the original construction of the Chirano plant, has been awarded an EPCM contract for the plant expansion. The new EPCM contract covers all major work items for the expansion, including an additional ball mill and cyclone cluster, conversion of existing tails thickener to leach feed thickener, the installation of an additional elution column and electrowinning cells and upgrades to tailings pumps, reagent mixing, instrumentation and services. In late 2007, the Company purchased a new ball mill which will be shipped to Ghana from Australia in the first quarter of 2008.

It is anticipated that the Chirano plant expansion will be completed and commissioned early in the first quarter of 2009.

A separate EPCM contract has been awarded to Sandvik Mining and Construction for the upgrading of the Chirano crushing system. The installation of tertiary crushing will reduce the diameter of the ore feed to the mill, maximizing milling throughput. This installation is expected to be complete by the end of the third quarter. Additional temporary mobile crushing capacity was added at the end of 2007 to provide sufficient mill feed during the period that the new, permanent crushing circuit is constructed.

Akwaaba Deeps Development

The box cut and portal preparation for the decline development at Akwaaba Deeps is well underway with completion expected shortly. Barminco Pty Ltd, a leading Australian underground development company, has been awarded a letter of intent by the Company as the preferred contractor for the underground development at Akwaaba Deeps. Barminco is mobilizing to site, with decline development scheduled to commence in April 2008. It is anticipated that first ore from Akwaaba Deeps will be fed to the plant in the fourth quarter of 2008.

Exploration

Chirano

Drilling at Chirano is currently focused on infill drilling at Akwaaba Deeps. To date 8 holes (4,272m) have been completed with 5 holes (2,240m) remaining in the program. Recent results continue to confirm the potential of Akwaaba Deeps:

Hole

From (m)

To (m)

Length (m)

Au (g/t)

Comment

CHRC1245D

437.2

474.65

37.45

18.89

 

including

437.2

442.6

5.4

9.42

 

and

442.6

455

12.4

32.3

Black Breccia

and

455

474.65

19.65

13.04

 

CHRC1251D

550.00

586.65

36.65

13.27

 

CHDD1253

341.65

360.00

18.35

2.29

 

and

378.60

397.40

18.80

4.07

 

and

407.89

425.10

17.21

5.85

ended in mineralization

CHRC1257D

607.88

631.84

23.96

3.84

 

CHDD1262

234.00

257.10

23.10

4.23

 

and

266.60

280.00

13.40

3.39

 

and 

282.50

296.00

13.50

9.74

 

CHDD1265

399.00

457.00

58.00

9.54

 

including

428.31

439.70

11.39

30.32

 

and including

433.25

437.54

4.29

35.84

Black Breccia

CHDD1268

304.00

337.00

33.00

7.95

 

including

309.56

333.45

23.89

10.30

 

CHDD1276

386.00

413.90

27.90

18.46

 

including

391.00

394.00

3.00

49.90

Black Breccia


Note: True width is approximately 75% of drilled width.

These new results demonstrate the impressive conversion of inferred resources at Akwaaba Deeps. More significantly, this recent program has again intercepted the very high grade "Black Breccia" which appears to represent a distinct structural unit within the mineralised envelope of Akwaaba Deeps. These new intercepts will allow further detailed targeting of the "Black Breccia" towards a potential further increase in the resources and reserves at Akwaaba Deeps

A revised Mineral Resource and Ore reserve calculation for Akwaaba Deeps is scheduled for completion before the end of the first quarter 2008. Click here to go back

Akoti Extended & Akoti North Drill Results

Pit

Hole

From

To

Metres

Au g/t

Akoti Extended

CHRC825D

254

261

7.00

3.80

CHRC360

98

101

3.00

13.70

CHRC597

179

182

3.00

5.18

CHRC984

54

68

14.00

11.08

CHRC059

144

147

3.00

3.55

CHRC208

140

156

16.00

8.72

CHRC209

81

99

18.00

6.59

CHRC113

92

107

15.00

4.22

CHRC600

168

178

10.00

4.67

CHRC058

141

145

4.00

4.24

CHRC206

95

98

3.00

4.42

CHRC980

64

73

9.00

3.64

CHRC1191

140

178

38.00

7.41

CHRC1192

147

177

30.00

3.00

including

168

174

6.00

5.73

CHRC1194

102

155

53.00

6.27

including

143

150

7.00

9.76

CHRC1197D

266

277

11.00

3.54

CHRC1198

205

227

22.00

9.30

CHRC1206

237

246

9.00

3.17

CHRC1217

117.00

124.00

7.00

4.76

CHRC1227D

354.00

367.00

13.00

4.50

CHRC1228

209.00

220.00

11.00

2.85

CHRC1229D

231.90

236.00

4.10

13.48

CHRC1231D

120.00

123.00

3.00

4.51

CHRC1232

162.00

172.00

10.00

3.01

CHRC1233

139.00

147.00

8.00

2.15

CHRC1234

138.00

149.00

11.00

9.31

CHRC1235

216.00

221.00

5.00

11.61

CHRC1236

265.00

282.00

17.00

2.36

CHRC1237

125.00

140.00

15.00

3.37

CHRC1258

141.00

147.00

6.00

5.77

Akoti North

CHRC554

218

227

9.00

3.29

CHRC555

151

169

18.00

5.02

CHRC556

159

167

8.00

4.02

CHRC557

141

147

6.00

3.26

plus

122

130

8.00

4.06

CHRC559

209

222

13.00

5.95

CHRC204

136

162

26.00

5.49

CHRC824D

339.25

353

13.75

3.75

CHRC1183D

293.00

313.72

20.72

2.40

CHRC1184D

287.50

312.00

24.50

3.83

CHRC1185D

255.00

266.70

11.70

3.26

CHRC1187D

239.00

263.60

24.60

2.04

CHRC1189D

160.80

177.00

16.20

2.70

incl

172.50

177.00

4.50

5.47

CHRC1192

147.00

175.00

28.00

3.05

incl

157.00

162.00

5.00

5.14

and

168.00

174.00

6.00

5.73

Note: Results in italics have been previously reported.
     True widths are on average 60% of drilled width. Click here to go back

Suraw Drill Results

Pit

Hole

From

To

Metres

Au g/t

Suraw

CHRC065

63

71

8.00

6.90

CHRC1036

83

90

7.00

5.00

CHRC1038

81

88

7.00

7.41

CHRC1047

116

123

7.00

6.15

CHRC1071

105

112

7.00

8.87

CHRC1074

77

86

9.00

7.10

CHRC1089

134

146

12.00

8.21

CHRC1093

203

211

8.00

8.97

CHRC1094

116

123

7.00

6.73

CHRC1097

203

213

10.00

5.59

CHRC1100

206

214

8.00

2.61

CHRC1199D

352

362.25

10.25

5.59

CHRC1200D

176.3

183.8

7.50

3.53

CHRC1201D

124.1

134.3

10.20

6.33

including

126

128.9

2.90

15.22

CHRC1213D

251

260.4

9.40

3.71

and

266.9

279.15

12.25

4.91

CHRC1216D

143

149

6.00

5.65

CHRC1225

220

242

22.00

1.94

CHRC1238D

431.9

436.5

4.60

3.80

CHRC1238D

445

450

5.00

3.84

CHRC1238D

518

526

8.00

2.32

CHRC1239D

408.1

416

7.90

3.24

CHRC1240D

216

236

20.00

3.18

including

218

222

4.00

9.68

CHRC1241

154

166

12.00

3.42

CHRC1242

105

115

10.00

3.86

CHRC1243

224

236

12.00

5.83

including

224

229

5.00

10.47

CHRC1246D

165.4

172.05

6.65

3.01

CHRC1247

127

137

10.00

3.78

CHRC1248

164

170

6.00

7.58

CHRC1249D

266.5

276.8

10.30

7.57

CHRC1250D

228

234.3

6.30

5.87

CHRC1252

223

240

17.00

5.44

CHRC1254D

268

301

33.00

4.30

Note: Results in italics have been previously reported.
     True widths are on average 60% of drilled width. Click here to go back

Drill Hole CHRC 1245D Summary

Summary

Hole ID

From

To

Length

Grade g/t

CHRC1245D*

437.20

474.65

37.45

18.89

including

437.20

442.60

5.40

9.42

and Black Breccia

442.60

455.00

12.40

32.30

and

455.00

474.65

19.65

13.04

*True width is approximately 75% of drilled width

Detail

Hole ID

From

To

Grade g/t

CHRC1245D

437.20

438.20

17.50

 

438.20

439.00

6.94

 

439.00

440.00

4.15

 

440.00

441.15

5.30

 

441.15

442.00

15.15

 

442.00

442.60

7.85

Black Breccia

442.60

444.00

29.75

444.00

445.00

30.20

445.00

446.00

17.60

446.00

447.00

18.50

447.00

448.00

29.90

448.00

449.00

21.10

449.00

450.00

28.30

450.00

451.00

36.45

451.00

452.00

49.87

452.00

453.00

49.50

453.00

454.00

40.90

454.00

455.00

36.55

 

455.00

456.00

12.90

 

456.00

457.00

8.94

 

457.00

458.00

9.35

 

458.00

459.00

35.40

 

459.00

460.00

8.79

 

460.00

461.00

12.55

 

461.00

462.00

6.37

 

462.00

463.00

27.50

 

463.00

464.00

15.60

 

464.00

465.00

8.15

 

465.00

466.00

6.92

 

466.00

467.00

6.93

 

467.00

468.00

5.36

 

468.00

468.50

4.46

 

468.50

469.00

12.00

 

469.00

470.00

12.55

 

470.00

471.00

17.10

 

471.00

472.00

11.60

 

472.00

473.00

20.55

 

473.00

474.00

16.60

 

474.00

474.65

7.42

Click here to go back

Material Intercepts

Pit

Hole

From

To

Metres

Au g/t

Suraw

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHRC065

63

71

8.00

6.9

CHRC1036

83

90

7.00

5.00

CHRC1038

81

88

7.00

7.41

CHRC1047

116

123

7.00

6.15

CHRC1071

105

112

7.00

8.87

CHRC1074

77

86

9.00

7.10

CHRC1089

134

146

12.00

8.21

CHRC1093

203

211

8.00

8.97

CHRC1094

116

123

7.00

6.73

Akoti North

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHRC554

218

227

9.00

3.29

CHRC555

151

169

18.00

5.02

CHRC556

159

167

8.00

4.02

CHRC557

141

147

6.00

3.26

plus

122

130

8.00

4.06

CHRC559

209

222

13.00

5.95

CHRC204

136

162

26.00

5.49

CHRC824D

339.25

353

13.75

3.75

CHRC1183D

293

313.72

20.72

2.40

CHRC1184D

287.50

312

24.50

3.83

CHRC1185D

254.20

266.70

12.50

3.09

CHRC1187D

239

263.60

24.60

2.04

Akoti Extended

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHRC825D

254

261

7.00

3.80

CHRC360

98

101

3.00

13.70

CHRC597

179

182

3.00

5.18

CHRC984

54

68

14.00

11.08

CHRC059

144

147

3.00

3.55

CHRC208

140

156

16.00

8.72

CHRC209

81

99

18.00

6.59

CHRC113

92

107

15.00

4.22

CHRC600

168

178

10.00

4.67

CHRC058

141

145

4.00

4.24

CHRC206

95

98

3.00

4.42

CHRC980

64

73

9.00

3.64

CHRC1191

140

178

38.00

7.41

CHRC1192

147

177

30.00

3.00

incl

168

174

6.00

5.73

CHRC1194

102

155

53.00

6.27

incl

143

150

7.00

9.76

CHRC1197D

266

277

11.00

3.54

CHRC1198

205

227

22.00

9.30

CHRC1206

237

246

9.00

3.17

Paboase South

 

 

 

 

CHRC139

80

85

5.00

4.80

CHRC918

93

99

6.00

4.14

CHRC253

136

153

17.00

3.93

CHRC920

178

187.25

9.25

3.24

CHRC254

126

143

17.00

4.20

CHRC915

183

198

15.00

5.70

CHRC930D

174

186.85

12.85

3.04

Obra

CHRC602D

219

347

128

1.75

incl

313

343

30

4.01

CHRC676D 2

302.3

399.6

97.3

1.77

CHRC848D

243.2

409

165.8

1.81

incl

303.5

343

39.5

3.86

CHRC856D

258.4

354.7

96.3

2.14

incl

323

348

25

4.36

CHRC877D

130

265

135

2.76

incl

247.9

264

16.1

7.61

Tano

CHRC923

151

225

74

5.68

incl

168

188

20

9.99



Technical Reports

Click here to go back

Abodoabo Drill Results

Hole

Northing

From

To

Metres

Au g/t

CHRC 714

41950

9

17

8

0.96

26

33

7

2.06

41

44

3

1.00

51

57

6

2.55

CHRC 715

42000

10

20

10

2.42

28

33

5

0.86

58

61

3

3.64

67

70

3

1.63

84

87

3

0.65

CHRC 716

42050

37

41

4

1.09

46

49

3

0.61

CHRC 717

42050

29

32

3

3.35

CHRC 718

42150

59

62

3

2.23

71

76

5

1.77

82

85

3

0.52

86

91

5

1.34

CHRC719

42250

14

17

3

0.62

CHRC 720

42300

91

109

18

2.80

incl 95

98

3

9.72

112

115

3

2.03

CHRC721

42400

53

56

3

0.65

77

80

3

1.31

CHRC722

42500

39

42

3

1.09

61

64

3

0.75

CHRC723

42600

70

73

3

0.60

127

150

23

2.80

CHRC724

42700

61

73

12

1.82

76

82

6

1.52

Click here to go back

Akwaaba Drill Results

Hole ID

From

To

Metres

Au g/t

CHRC733D

269

279.2

10.20

7.54

CHRC733D

298

324

26.00

13.23

CHRC734D

390.89

393

2.11

18.21

CHRC734D

397

420

23.00

4.07

incl.

400.4 

 405

4.60

8.72

CHRC734D

420

433

13.00

64.95

CHRC734D

433

450

17.00

2.42

CHRC735D

267

270

3.00

1.00

CHRC736D

231

237

6.00

2.57

CHRC737

No Significant Intercept

CHRC738

41

44

3.00

1.12

CHRC738

61

65

4.00

1.67

CHRC739

37

42

5.00

1.75

CHRC740D

65

68

3.00

13.95

CHRC740D

74

79

5.00

2.32

CHRC741D

270

292

22.00

6.78

incl.

 270

272 

2.00

30.34

CHRC742D

150

154.2

4.20

2.78

CHRC742D

160

164

4.00

3.58

CHRC742D

174

192

18.00

3.90

CHRC743D

387

392.5

5.50

13.65

CHRC743D

399.6

405

5.40

8.34

CHRC743D

410

444.8

34.80

8.68

CHRC744D

439.86

496

56.14

7.06

incl

 457

467 

10.00

14.97

CHRC745D

411

423

12.00

6.50

CHRC745D

450.5

479.9

29.40

5.46

incl

465 

472 

7.00

12.87

CHRC746D

352

357

5.00

3.25

CHRC746D

360

383

23.00

2.15

CHRC747D

527

535

8.00

1.86

CHRC747D

538

560

22.00

2.42

CHRC748D

490

500

10.0

2.74

CHRC748D

508

534

26.0

3.80

CHRC749D

357

366.4

9.40

3.43

CHRC749D

385

393

8.0

3.86

CHRC749D

411.2

415.6

4.40

2.56

CHRC749D

418

434

16.0

5.26

CHRC750D

297.5

303

5.0

2.42

CHRC750D

321

326

5.0

3.36

CHRC750D

342

344

2.0

7.97

CHRC750D

351

374

23.0

1.76

CHRC751D

300.18

301.72

1.54

5.24

CHRC751D

329

334

5.0

1.95

CHRC751D

337

386

49.0

12.89

CHRC752D

225

239

14.0

1.48

CHRC753D

215.33

222.6

7.27

2.41

CHRC753D

226

241.18

15.18

2.27

CHRC753D

252

259

7.0

3.41

CHRC753D

262

269

7.0

3.48

CHRC754D

305.67

308

2.33

5.50

CHRC754D

317

328

11.0

8.36

CHRC754D

331

362

32.0

7.19

CHRC772D

366.5

381.4

14.9

2.02

CHRC772D

384

410

26.0

10.64

CHRC773D

364

390

26.0

12.33

CHRC774D

464.8

494.6

29.8

10.80

CHRC775D

296

299

3.0

5.11

CHRC775D

303.5

306

2.5

7.73

CHRC775D

312

340.1

28.1

8.67

CHRC778D

203.0

211.0

8.0

3.42

CHRC778D

215.32

224

8.68

4.56

CHRC778D

246

278

32.0

6.37

CHRC779D

194.6

198

3.4

3.16

CHRC779D

212.6

230

17.4

6.51

CHRC807D

131

145.2

14.2

2.14

CHRC820D

457

462.9

5.9

1.25

CHRC820D

465

516

51.0

6.88

CHRC821D

471

474.1

3.0

1.24

CHRC821D

478

489.2

11.2

2.40

CHRC1123

157.0

179.0

22.0

3.79

CHRC1126D

215.0

222.0

7.0

6.99

CHRC1134

117.0

139.0

22.0

4.49

CHRC1124

109.0

116.0

7.0

6.77

CHRC1125D

269.0

288.0

19.0

4.56

CHRC1127D

174.0

184.0

10.0

6.73

CHRC1128D

188.2

198.7

10.6

11.74

including

191.0

197.0

6.0

18.17

and

207.0

218.0

11.0

8.00

CHRC1131D

560.7

605.0

44.3

2.79

CHRC1145D

186.0

219.9

33.9

13.64

CHRC1146D

180.0

187.0

7.0

6.61

and

196.0

205.4

9.4

4.13

CHRC1151

147.0

164.0

17.0

7.94

CHRC1153D

120.0

146.0

26.0

2.16

including

136.0

144.0

8.0

5.00

CHRC995D

471.0

497.0

26.0

14.50

CHRC1148D

196.0

210.0

14.0

6.03

and

218.0

230.0

12.0

6.04

CHRC1150D

168.3

198.9

30.6

3.78

including

190.0

196.0

6.0

10.40

CHRC1155

101.0

142.0

41.0

3.39

including

117.0

142.0

25.0

4.89

CHRC1164

149.0

161.1

12.1

1.71

CHRC1167D

95.0

108.0

13.0

3.26

including

102.0

105.0

3.0

6.52

CHRC1188

98.0

102.0

4.0

5.77

and

95.0

103.0

8.0

3.60

CHRC1193

205.0

218.0

13.0

2.43

CHRC1190

150.0

158.0

8.0

4.86

CHRC1196

178.0

191.0

13.0

6.06

CHRC748D

490

500

10.0

2.74

CHRC748D

508

534

26.0

3.80

CHRC749D

357

366.4

9.40

3.43

CHRC749D

385

393

8.0

3.86

CHRC749D

411.2

415.6

4.40

2.56

CHRC749D

418

434

16.0

5.26

CHRC750D

297.5

303

5.0

2.42

CHRC750D

321

326

5.0

3.36

CHRC750D

342

344

2.0

7.97

CHRC750D

351

374

23.0

1.76

CHRC751D

300.18

301.72

1.54

5.24

CHRC751D

329

334

5.0

1.95

CHRC751D

337

386

49.0

12.89

CHRC752D

225

239

14.0

1.48

CHRC753D

215.33

222.6

7.27

2.41

CHRC753D

226

241.18

15.18

2.27

CHRC753D

252

259

7.0

3.41

CHRC753D

262

269

7.0

3.48

CHRC754D

305.67

308

2.33

5.50

CHRC754D

317

328

11.0

8.36

CHRC754D

331

362

32.0

7.19

CHRC772D

366.5

381.4

14.9

2.02

CHRC772D

384

410

26.0

10.64

CHRC773D

364

390

26.0

12.33

CHRC774D

464.8

494.6

29.8

10.80

CHRC775D

296

299

3.0

5.11

CHRC775D

303.5

306

2.5

7.73

CHRC775D

312

340.1

28.1

8.67

CHRC778D

203.0

211.0

8.0

3.42

CHRC778D

215.32

224

8.68

4.56

CHRC778D

246

278

32.0

6.37

CHRC779D

194.6

198

3.4

3.16

CHRC779D

212.6

230

17.4

6.51

CHRC807D

131

145.2

14.2

2.14

CHRC820D

457

462.9

5.9

1.25

CHRC820D

465

516

51.0

6.88

CHRC821D

471

474.1

3.0

1.24

CHRC821D

478

489.2

11.2

2.40

Note: The table above summarizes intercepts based on a minimum of 3m grading 3g/t. True widths are on average 60% of drilled width.



Mineralisation

The gold deposits comprise fractured and altered granite, and include stacked arrays of parallel veinlets, veinlet stockworks, and mineralised cataclasites. The Chirano gold deposits occur within 200 metres to the west of the Chirano Shear. The geometry and shape of the deposits range from tabular (Obra), or pipe-like (Tano), to multiple parallel lodes (Paboase). The mineralised zone thickness ranges from a few metres to over 70 metres. Most deposits dip very steeply towards the west or southwest, and also plunge very steeply. Generally, the tenor of the gold mineralisation correlates with the intensity of alteration, veining and brecciation. The gold mineralisation is associated with 1% to 5% pyrite, and the distribution of gold appears to be closely associated with the presence of pyrite. The hydrothermal alteration assemblage is characterised by ankerite, albite, muscovite and pyrite which overprint earlier hematite dusting of the granite.


Introduction

The Chirano Gold Mine achieved its first gold pour in October, 2005 after commissioning of the process facilities in September, 2005. There are eleven deposits: Akwaaba, Suraw, Akoti South, Akoti North, Akoti Extended, Paboase, Tano, Obra South, Obra, Sariehu and Mamnao. Gold mineralisation continues at depth, below the current open pit designs at many of the deposits currently included in the mine plan.

Drilling at the Akwaaba deposit has established a high grade underground resource called Akwaaba Deeps. The majority of the ore will be mined by open pit methods. At Akwaaba Deeps an underground mine is being developed which will use Sub-level Caving ("SLC") to produce ore. Drilling at the Akwaaba deposit has established a high grade underground resource which is now being developed as an underground operation.


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Location

The Chirano Mine is situated in southwestern Ghana, 100 kilometres southwest of Kumasi, which is Ghana's second largest city. The township of Bibiani, the site of an existing large gold mine, lies 15 kilometres north-northeast of the project area (37 kilometres by road). Access to the mine from the capital Accra is via a sealed highway to Kumasi and then sealed highway running southwest towards Bibiani and onwards to Sefwi-Bekwai. The final approach is either by a 22 kilometre gravel road from Tanoso Junction (15 kilometres south of Bibiani) or by a 13 kilometre gravel road whose junction is approximately 9 kilometres beyond Sefwi-Bekwai. The project area is dominated by steep terrain and dense vegetation interspersed with small agricultural plots of palm oil, cassava and cocoa.

Ownership

The Chirano Mine and the mining lease on which it is based are owned 100% by CGML, a Ghanaian subsidiary of Red Back. CGML is currently 100% owned by Red Back through its intermediate subsidiary, Red Back Mining (Ghana) Limited. On April 8, 2004, CGML was issued a mining lease (PL2/56) in respect of the Chirano Project valid for a period of 15 years. The Government of Ghana retains the right to back-in to a 10% carried interest in the Chirano Project under Section 8 of the Ghana Mining Act, which interest may be increased to 30% by negotiation and arbitration. This 10% interest would represent a portion of CGM's 100% interest. The mining lease is exclusive to CGML, and is not subject to any option or joint venture arrangement. No back-in rights are held by any party other than the Government of Ghana.

A royalty is payable to the Government of Ghana equal to 3% of gross revenue. An additional royalty equal to 0.6% of gross revenue is payable in relation to minerals extracted from Ghana's productive forest reserves. Production from most of the Chirano Project is subject to this extra royalty. The Government of Ghana retains the right to take a 10% interest in the project under Section 8 of the Ghanaian Mining Act.

Geology

The Chirano Mine lies within the Proterozoic terrain of southwest Ghana. It occurs along the margin of the Sefwi Belt adjacent to the Kumasi Basin to the east. Both the Sefwi Belt and the Kumasi Basin comprise rocks of Birimian age, with the belt dominated by mafic volcanics and the basin typified by fine grained, deep water sediments. Both are intruded by granites.

The belt margin is characterized by regional scale, reactivated thrust faults which juxtapose the sedimentary basin and volcanic belt terrains and are known in the Chirano area as the Bibiani shear zone since the Bibiani deposit (+5Moz historic production and current resources) is inferred to be located along the same structure 18 km to the northeast. The Chirano deposits are hosted by the Chirano shear zone, a splay off the Bibiani shear. At Chirano, a small, faulted sliver of younger Tarkwaian shallow water sediments (dominantly arkose) separates the two structures.

The Chirano gold deposits are hosted by an elongate, altered tonalite intrusive, adjacent to or within 200m to the west of the Chirano shear. The deposits occur at regular intervals along a mineralised zone 9 kilometres long.

The geometry and shape of the deposits range from tabular (Obra), or pipe-like (Tano), to multiple parallel lodes (Paboase). The mineralised zone thickness ranges from a few metres to over 70 metres. Most deposits dip very steeply towards the west or southwest, and also plunge very steeply. Generally, the tenor of the gold mineralisation correlates with the intensity of alteration, veining and brecciation.



Development & Mining

The current mine plan calls for the exploitation of eleven gold deposits spread along a strike length of approximately nine kilometers by both open pit and underground mining methods. The nameplate capacity of the Chirano mill is 2.1 Mt per annum.The Chirano Plant is currently undergoing an expansion to a nominal throughput capacity of 3.5 mtpa.

The operation utilizes selective mining techniques to separate ore and waste and is carried out by a mining contractor. The mining fleet is a combination of 250 tonne hydraulic excavators with 14 cubic metre buckets loading 100 tonne trucks. Drilling and blasting is required for all primary material and the majority of oxide material.

The new treatment plant flowsheet is based on tertiary stage crushing, three ball mills, pre-leach thickening, a single stage of leaching and an eight stage CIL circuit. Gold is recovered by an elution circuit with electrowinning of the gold onto stainless steel cathodes. The gold will be removed from the cathodes with high pressure water sprays and smelted to a final bullion product. The plant commissioning is expected to commence during the first quarter of 2009.

Akwaaba Deeps Development

Akwaaba Deeps will be mined using a Sub-level Caving ("SLC") mining method. The bulk tonnage mining study estimates approximately 8.8 million tonnes will be mined at a grade of 3.7 g/t containing 1.0 million ounces.

The capital cost to construct Akwaaba Deeps is estimated to be US $67m inclusive of owners costs and contingency. Life of the mine operating costs to deliver underground ore to Chirano mill have been estimated to be approximately $25 per tonne (inclusive of contingency).

The underground development of Akwaaba Deeps is well underway. In order to support the new Akwaaba Deeps underground development, the Company is expanding the Chirano processing facility to a nominal throughput of 3.5 mtpa. In addition to increasing capacity, the expansion also addresses the rock hardness issue identified in 2007. A new crushing facility will reduce ore to 80% passing 12.5mm, optimizing milling efficiencies with the addition of a third mill and the conversion of the SAG mill to a ball mill.
Chirano Resources

The revised open pit and underground resources at Chirano as at December 31, 2009 are as follows:

Resource Estimate
December 2009
Resource Category Sector Cut Off (g/t) Tonnes (Mt) Au (g/t) Ounces (Moz)
Measured Open Pits 1.0 16.1 1.88 0.98
  Akwaaba UG 1.5 0.7 4.32 0.10
Indicated Open Pits 1.0 11.6 1.69 0.63
  Akwaaba UG 1.5 7.0 5.23 1.18
  Paboase UG* 1.5 7.7 4.19 1.04
  Stockpiles   3.4 1.23 0.14
Total Measured and Indicated     46.6 2.71 4.07
Inferred Open Pits 1.0 5.6 1.7 0.3
  Akwaaba UG 1.5 0.8 2.7 0.1
  Paboase UG* 1.5 1.2 4.4 0.2
  Suraw UG 2.0 2.0 3.9 0.3
Total Inferred     9.6 2.7 0.8
*May 2010
  • Numbers may not add exactly due to rounding
  • Open pit Mineral Resources are reported above a 1g/t cut off inclusive of ROM/low grade stockpiles. Gold grades for the reported open pit resource have been determined using Multiple Indicator Kriging (MIK) based on block dimensions of 12.5m (east) x 25m (north) x 6m (elevation) and using a selective mining unit of 2m (east) by 5m (north) by 2.5m (elevation). Gold estimation and model blocks were constrained within geologically derived wireframes. Due to the homogenous nature of the data no top cut has been applied to the resource data prior to estimation. It is observed that higher values in the dataset have little influence on the grade of the deposit.
  • Akwaaba Underground Resources are reported above a 1.5 g/t cut off and below the 2212mRL which is the base of the Akwaaba open pit. Gold grades for the reported underground resource model have been determined using Ordinary Kriging (OK) with grades interpolated into parent blocks with dimensions of 5m (east) by 25m (north) by 10m (elevation). Gold estimation and model blocks were constrained within geologically derived wireframes.
  • Paboase Underground Mineral Resources are reported above a 1.5g/t cut off and below the 2235m elevation, approximately and above the elevation of 1525m. Gold grades for the reported underground resource model have been determined using Ordinary Kriging (OK) with grades interpolated into parent blocks with dimensions of 2m (east) by 10m (north) by 25m (elevation). Gold estimation and model blocks were constrained within geologically derived wireframes.
  • Suraw Underground Resource is reported above a 2.0g/t cut off and below 2224m elevation which is the base of current open pit design. Gold grades for the reported underground resource model have been determined using Ordinary Kriging (OK) with grades interpolated into parent blocks with dimensions of 2m (east) by 25m (north) by 25m (elevation). Gold estimation and model blocks were constrained within geologically derived wireframes.
  • Open Pit and Akwaaba Deeps Mineral Resources are inclusive of Ore Reserves

  • The independent Resource estimate reported was undertaken by Nic Johnson (Member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists) of Hellman and Schofield Pty Ltd with more than five years experience in the use of geostatistics for estimation of recoverable resources in gold deposits. For the purpose of reporting under National Instrument 43-101 Mr. Johnson is regarded as a Qualified Person.

    Chirano Reserves

    The Company’s consultants, AMC Consultants, have re-estimated Mineral Reserves for the Chirano mine, which are reported below as at 31 December 2009:

    Reserve Estimate
    December 2009

    Area

    Proven

    Probable

    Total

     

    Tonnes (MT)

    Au (g/t)

    Ounces (Moz)

    Tonnes (MT)

    Au (g/t)

    Ounces (Moz)

    Tonnes (MT)

    Au (g/t)

    Ounces (Moz)

    Open Pits

    16.4

    1.55

    0.82

    4.7

    1.34

    0.20

    21.2

    1.50

    1.02

    Akwaaba

    -

    -

    -

    8.9

    3.91

    1.11

    8.9

    3.91

    1.11

    Paboase*

    -

    -

    -

    7.9

    3.64

    0.92

    7.9

    3.64

    0.92

    Stockpile

    3.4

    1.24

    0.14

    -

    -

    -

    3.4

    1.24

    0.14

    Total

    19.8

    1.50

    0.96

    21.5

    3.24

    2.23

    41.3

    2.40

    3.19

    *May 2010
    • Numbers may not add correctly due to rounding

    Open Pits

    • The Mineral Reserve estimate was made using a gold price of US$800
    • Various cut-off grades were used to estimate the Open pit inventories and form the Mineral Reserve depending on material type and location with an average breakeven cut-off drade in the range of 0.60g/t and 0.65 g/t.

            Akwaaba

    • The Underground Mineral Reserve is based on SLC design and comprises development and production (stope) ore. Development ore includes only the Indicated Resources that are intersected by the development headings.
    • For the SLC Stopes only Indicated Resource was included in the stoping shapes for production levels 2175mRL to 1775mRL
    • All unclassified material (zero grade) lying within the above SLC Stopes was included as planned dilution essential for the mineable SLC shape. Similarly a small portion of Inferred resource (and its grade) required to define the SLC Stoping shapes was included as planned dilution with modeled grade. The total quantity included amounts to 1.08% of the SLC Stoping tonnes.
    • A minimal quantity of inferred resource lying within the ore development was also included as planned dilution with modeled grade. The total quantity included amounts to less than 0.24% of the ore development ounces. All Inferred resource & unclassified material lying at the extremes of the ore body was excluded from the mine design and SLC Stoping shapes.
    • The reserve estimate is based upon a cutoff grade of 2.2g/t and a gold price of US$800/oz.

            Paboase

    • The Underground Ore Reserve is based on SLC design and comprises development and production (stope) ore.
    • The development and SLC Stope design shapes are based on Indicated Resources.
    • All Inferred Resource material to be mined within the above SLC Stopes was considered dilution at zero grade. All Inferred Resource & unclassified material lying at the extremes of the ore body was excluded from the mine design and SLC Stoping shapes.
    • Where an appropriate level of confidence exists for low grade mineralization within planned waste and dilution, this has been included in the reserve. This mineralization makes up 3% of the Au content in the reserve.
    • The reserve estimates are based upon a cut off grade of 1.7g/t, and a gold price of US$800/oz.

    The independent Surface Mineral Reserve estimate reported was undertaken under the supervision of Bruce Gregory (Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy), Principal Mining Engineer of AMC Consultants Pty Ltd with more than five years experience in Ore Reserve estimation. For the purpose of reporting under National Instrument 43-101 Bruce Gregory is regarded as a Qualified Person.

    The independent Akwaaba Deeps Undergound Mineral Reserve estimate reported was undertaken by Tony Silveira (Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy), Senior Mining Engineer of AMC Consultants Pty Ltd with more than five years experience in Ore Reserve estimation. For the purpose of reporting under National Instrument 43-101 Tony Silveira is regarded as a Qualified Person

    The independent Underground Ore Reserve estimate reported herein was undertaken by Herbert Smith B.Sc., P.Eng. (Member of the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of B.C.) of AMC Mining Consultants (Canada) Ltd with more than five years experience in Ore Reserve estimation for the purpose of reporting under National Instrument 43-101 Mr Smith is regarded as a Qualified Person.



    Animated Tour

    Chirano
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    Photo Gallery

    Akwaaba Deeps December 2008
    Click below for slideshow

    Chirano Site (Feburary 2008)
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    Chirano Site (October 2006)
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    Chirano Site Visit (April 2006)
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    First Gold Bar
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    Progress as of September, 2005
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    Progress as of August, 2005
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    Progress as of June, 2005
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    Early Stage Development
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